29 June 2006

Women: Have Your Babies While You are Young--Healthier, Longer Living, More Intelligent Children

This newsreport points to research suggesting that children born to younger mothers tend to live longer:

People are more likely to see their 100th birthday, research hints, if they were born to young mothers.

The age at which a mother gives birth has a major impact on how long her child will live, two researchers from the University of Chicago's Center on Aging told the Chicago Actuarial Association meeting this spring.

The chances of living to the ripe old age of 100 -- and beyond -- nearly double for a child born to a woman before her 25th birthday, Drs. Leonid Gavrilov and Natalia Gavrilova reported. The father's age is less important to longevity, according to their research.
More at source.

This newsrelease from Stanford suggests that if you want your children to be as intelligent as possible, you need to spend a lot of time with them in the early years:

Knudsen's findings about how experiences shape the brain's architecture help explain findings in both rats and monkeys, where early experiences translate directly to how the adults behave and learn. Co-author Judy Cameron, PhD, professor of psychiatry at the Oregon National Primate Research Center, has found that monkeys prevented from forming a strong bond with their mothers as infants go on to be less social, less likely to investigate new situations and more prone to anxiety as adults.

Shonkoff said the animal work has an important parallel in human development. For example, kids who are abused or neglected, whose parents are compromised by drugs, alcohol or depression, who are shuttled among relatives and foster-care placements or who spend long hours in poor-quality child-care programs don't develop the same brain power as kids with happier, more nurturing and stable childhoods. Those kids have less chance of securing skilled jobs when they grow up. They are also more likely to need expensive remedial help in school or-even more costly-rely on public assistance or serve jail time as adults.
More at source.

This letter from Nature looks at some of the differences in brain growth mechanics between children of three different intelligence levels:

Children who are adept at any one of the three academic ‘R’s (reading, writing and arithmetic) tend to be good at the others, and grow into adults who are similarly skilled at diverse intellectually demanding activities1–3. Determining the neuroanatomical
correlates of this relatively stable individual trait of general intelligence has proved difficult, particularly in the rapidly developing brains of children and adolescents. Here we demonstrate that the trajectory of change in the thickness of the cerebral cortex,
rather than cortical thickness itself, is most closely related to level of intelligence. Using a longitudinal design, we find a marked developmental shift from a predominantly negative correlation between intelligence and cortical thickness in early childhood to a
positive correlation in late childhood and beyond. Additionally, level of intelligence is associated with the trajectory of cortical development, primarily in frontal regions implicated in the maturation of intelligent activity4,5. More intelligent children demonstrate a particularly plastic cortex, with an initial accelerated and prolonged phase of cortical increase, which yields to equally vigorous cortical thinning by early adolescence. This study
indicates that the neuroanatomical expression of intelligence in children is dynamic.
Much more at source, with helpful graphs and illustrations. Hat tip Neurolearning Blog and Intelligence Testing blog.

Girls are born with their full complement of eggs. The older the woman, the older and more potentially damaged are the remaining eggs. Older women run higher risks of producing chromosomally damaged infants, or of simply being incapable of becoming pregnant.

Young women who intend having children should consider having them while they are in their twenties. Better to have children when you are young and strong and able to keep up with the little dynamos. Once they are well into school years, you can put most of your energies into your career, without worrying about the biological clock.

In addition, younger women possess greater attractiveness to potential fathers, evolutionarily speaking. If a woman waits for marriage and family until she is firmly established in her career, in her late thirties or early forties, her ability to attract the type of man she may wish as the father of her children will be diminished by the natural effects of time and life's stress. You may think an older woman can better choose a good father, given her greater experience, but in this situation the diminished choice can easily balance the greater wisdom of age.

Being politically incorrect is an enormous pleasure, an exhilarating luxury given to the self-employed.
:-)
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3 Comments:

Blogger d c said...

If, in fact, having children first and then a career only after the children are older becomes medically advisable, then we as a society have to make this a reasonble option for women. If a woman tries to do this today, it likely won't pan out--marrying an older, more successful man and trying to reenter the workforce after spending several years outside it, she'll likely end up demoralized as she makes far less money than her husband or even than she did before she had kids. If for the sake of future children we want women to have kids sooner, then it would behoove the rest of us to make sure they can still have a career after doing so.

That means subsidies for things like maternity leave, child health care, higher-quality daycare, further education of mothers, and so on. It means that fathers would have to be more willing to do the work in raising the kids, and a workplace more willing to tolerate part-time working fathers and mothers.

These preliminary results (very preliminary--studying people who have lived longer than 100 years in the United States seems like a pretty odd sample group, and the results may just say more about medicine in the days of Mark Twain than anything else.) offer hints at great adjustments that we would make--but we cannot expect that potential mothers would or should be the ones to make all of those adjustments.

Friday, 30 June, 2006  
Blogger al fin said...

Thanks for your thoughtful comment. I agree that, all other things being equal, fairness would suggest that others should pitch in and help ease the home-to workplace-transition for career-oriented women who also want children.

These results suggesting longer life for the children of younger mothers, are indeed preliminary, but they do not stand alone. And the benefits from relatively early maternity are not just to the child. The woman herself will enjoy some protection from some cancer types.

This blog is oriented toward "next level" humans--post-singularity humans. A great deal of the content here is speculative, although we also report on peer-reviewed scientific findings, mostly relating to diseases of ageing, or technologies that could help lead to a post-singularity world.

What I am saying in my roundabout way is that people in general will be living longer. A young woman who chooses early entry into motherhood and family life will expect to live at least 80 to 100 years after raising her children. While she is home providing early childhood enrichment to her pre-school children, she will have far more opportunities to study high level curricula or to contribute to work via virtual reality environments.

In other words, the world is changing rapidly, and if indeed children receive a significant mental and physical boost from having a young mother who stays home a few years to provide them with an enriched early upbringing, there is no reason to expect the young woman to suffer unduly.

If you want to talk real futurism, I have devoted multiple postings to the topic of artificial wombs, egg banking by young women for gestation in later life, androids adapted for early child raising and housekeeping that could aid mothers of young children, etc. etc.

My other blogs that pertain to some of these topics are alfin2500.blogspot, and alfin2600.blogspot.

Friday, 30 June, 2006  
Blogger d c said...

I didn't mean to suggest that you wanted to put the burden of adjusting to younger motherhood onto women. I apologize if my tone implied that. A friend of mine had a particularly difficult unsuccessful pregnancy a few months ago, and I wasn't speaking as carefully as I should have.

This does illustrate a larger truth that applies to science in general--especially science that studies humans and how they alter themselves. There are frequent complaints about the "political correctness" of biological research into gender and race, and claims from some quarters that these concerns hold this research back. Sometimes in lifting up rocks you find nasty things crawling underneath. Chances are that in future we will find scientific results that greatly offend one group or another, especially if we go lifting up rocks in our own genetic code. This codes contain the history of our species, and no doubt our species has some nasty skeletons in its closet.

The only way we can overcome opposition to such research, and not allow science to become the public's enemy, is if we can convince every person that no matter what science uncovers, the freedom and dignity of every person will still be respected. We are therefore in a race--a race to prepare ourselves culturally and psychologically for a time of great potential and trial. Yet that race is ultimately a "race" of patience and understanding.

I guess I'm not really being clear here, I wish there was some metaphor, some animal perhaps that symbolized victory through patience.

Anyway, yeah, I'll definitely have to keep track of what's happening here.

Saturday, 01 July, 2006  

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